Immunizations & Vaccines

Immunization programs (vaccinations) have greatly reduced and even eliminated the threat of serious diseases that can cause severe complications, disability, and death for Canadians at home and abroad.

  • What is immunization?
  • What are the benefits of immunization?
  • Are vaccines safe?
  • Are there any reasons why someone should not be vaccinated?
  • Will I need a vaccination before I travel?

What is immunization?

Immunization (vaccinations) prevents, controls, eliminates, or eradicates diseases that may be preventable using vaccines to boost the body’s immunity.

A vaccine contains a small amount of the disease (weak or dead) to help the body's immune system develop antibodies against the disease germs. This can prevent illness, lifelong disabilities, and death that the disease could cause.

What are the benefits of immunization?

Immunization has saved numerous Canadian lives over the past 50 years by preventing severe illnesses and deaths caused by preventable diseases. Vaccines help:

  • Infants and young children battle diseases until their immune systems strengthen.
  • Older children and adults maintain immunity or boost it against common diseases.
  • Prevent disease spread to those who cannot be vaccinated.

For example, the flu shot protects against influenza, especially for those at risk of severe complications.

Are vaccines safe?

Vaccines in Canada are extensively researched for safety and effectiveness, undergoing about 10 years of development and continuous monitoring.

They are generally safer than the diseases they prevent, such as smallpox and polio.

Discuss any concerns about vaccine safety with your pharmacist or doctor.

Are there any reasons why someone should not be vaccinated?

Check with your pharmacist or doctor before getting vaccinated if you have:

  • Anaphylaxis to a previous vaccine dose
  • An egg allergy
  • Severe illness
  • A weakened immune system
  • Pregnancy

Keep vaccination records up to date and bring them for review before vaccination.

Will I need a vaccination before I travel?

Travel may require booster shots or additional vaccinations. Contact the embassy or consulate of your destination for current travel vaccination requirements.

Review your immunization history with a healthcare provider or travel health clinic at least six weeks before travel.

Carry current immunization records when traveling.

For more information, consult with a pharmacist or medical professional.

This health information was sourced from the Public Health Agency of Canada (www.phac-aspc.gc.ca), Immunize Canada (www.immunize.cpha.ca), and the Government of Canada (travel.gc.ca). It is for informational purposes only and should not replace consultation with a healthcare professional. This material and affiliated entities are not liable for errors, omissions, or inconsistencies, nor do they accept liability for reliance on the contained information.